WORLD
Looking back on the Tiananmen Square Massacre
June 4, 2019Updated June 3, 2024, 7:14 p.m. ET

Students gesture and shout slogans as they pay respect 22 April 1989 in Beijing to former Chinese Communist Party leader and liberal reformer Hu Yaobang as thousands of students gather near the monument to the People's Heroes in Tiananmen Square during an unauthorized demonstration to mourn the death of Hu Yaobang. His death in April trigged an unprecedented wave of pro-democracy demonstrations. The April-June 1989 movement was crushed by Chinese troops in June when army tanks rolled into Tiananmen Square June 4, 1989.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty Images
Student displays a banner with one of the slogans chanted by the crowd of some 200,000 pouring into Tiananmen Square 22 April 1989 in Beijing in an attempt to participate in the funeral ceremony of former Chinese Communist Party leader and liberal reformer Hu Yaobang during an unauthorized demonstration to mourn his death. His death in April trigged an unprecedented wave of pro-democracy demonstrations. The April-June 1989 movement was crushed by Chinese troops in June when army tanks rolled into Tiananmen Square June 4.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty ImagesCrowds of jubilant students surge through a police cordon before pouring into Tiananmen Square on June 4, 1989 during a pro-democracy demonstration.
REUTERSA blood-covered protester holds a Chinese soldier's helmet following violent clashes with military forces during the 1989 pro-democracy demonstrations in Beijing's Tiananmen Square in this June 4, 1989 file photo.
REUTERS
People Liberation Army (PLA) soldiers leap over a barrier on Tiananmen Square in central Beijing 04 June 1989 during heavy clashes with people and dissident students. On the night of 03 and 04 June 1989, Tiananmen Square sheltered the last pro-democracy supporters. Chinese troops forcibly marched on the square to end a weeks-long occupation by student protestors, using lethal force to remove opposition it encountered along the way. Hundreds of demonstrators were killed in the crackdown as tanks rolled into the environs of the square.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty ImagesA group of journalists supports the pro-Democracy protest in Tiananmen Square, Peking, China May 17, 1989.
Carl Ho, Reuters
Unidentified people cover a portrait of China's Communist founding father Mao Zedong with a khaki canvas after it was defaced with a trail of blue, red and yellow paint at the Tiananmen Square 23 May 1989. A banner on the bottom can read as "This is not done by students."
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty Images
Several hundred of 200,000 pro-democracy student protesters face to face with policemen outside the Great Hall of the People in Tiananmen Square on April 22, 1989 in Beijing as they take part in the funeral ceremony of former Chinese Communist Party leader and liberal reformer Hu Yaobang during an unauthorized demonstration to mourn his death. Hu Yaobang's death in April trigged an unprecedented wave of pro-democracy demonstrations. The April-June 1989 movement was crushed by Chinese troops in June when army tanks rolled into Tiananmen Square 4 June.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty ImagesA military helicopter drops leaflets above Tiananmen Square May 22, 1989, which state that the student protesters should leave the Square as soon as possible on Monday morning. On the third day of martial law, the troops have yet to enter central Beijing.
Reuters
More than a million of Chinese workers filled the streets of Beijing on May 18, 1989 to support the students' pro-democracy movement and their hunger strike that started six days ago during Beijing Spring movement. They now want the resignation of Deng Xiaoping.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty Images
A student from an art institute plasters the neck of the "Goddess of Democracy" statue, a replica of the New York Statue of Liberty, on May 30, 1989 in Tiananmen Square. - The statue was unveiled in front of the Great Hall of the People (R) and the monument to the People's Heroes (C) to promote the pro-democracy protest against the Chinese government. A series of pro-democracy protests was sparked by the April 15 death of former communist party leader Hu Yaobang. In a show of force, 04 June, China leaders vented their fury and frustration on student dissidents and their pro-democracy supporters. Several hundred people have been killed and thousands wounded when soldiers moved on Tiananmen Square during a violent military crackdown ending six weeks of student demonstrations, known as the Beijing Spring movement.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty ImagesStudents and residents of Beijing gather in Tiananmen Square around a "Statue of Liberty" replica of New York's Statue of Liberty created by students from an art institute to promote the pro-democracy protest against the Chinese government.
TOSHIO SAKAI, AFP/Getty ImagesChinese people gather around a replica of the Statue of Liberty on Tiananmen Square demanding democracy despite martial law in Beijing.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP/Getty ImagesWang Dan, a leading Chinese dissident during 1989 Tiananmen Square pro-democracy demonstrations and member of the Beida students delegaton, addresses foreign correspondents in Beijing.
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP/Getty ImagesA Beijing citizen stands in front of tanks on the Avenue of Eternal Peace in this June 5, 1989 file photo during the crushing of the Tiananmen Square uprising.
REUTERSAn armoured personnel carrier is in flames as students set it on fire near Tiananmen Square in Beijing.
TOMMY CHENG, AFP/Getty ImagesA girl lays wounded during the clash between the army and students near Tiananmen Square in Beijing being carried out by a cart.
MANUEL CENETA, AFP/Getty Images
Although Cangan Avenue which runs along the north side of Tiananmen Square (seen in background) was reopened to the public, soldiers with automatic rifles still stand guard every 10 meters alongside the street in the morning mist in Beijing on June 13, 1989A series of pro-democracy protests was sparked by the April 15 death of former communist party leader Hu Yaobang. In a show of force, 4 June, China leaders vented their fury and frustration on student dissidents and their pro-democracy supporters. Several hundred people have been killed and thousands wounded when soldiers moved on Tiananmen Square during a violent military crackdown ending six weeks of student demonstrations, known as the Beijing Spring movement. According to Amnesty International, five years after the crushing of the Chinese pro-democracy movement, "thousands" of prisoners remained in jail
CATHERINE HENRIETTE, AFP Via Getty ImagesMedical workers at Beijing's Fuxingmen Hospital look at bodies of protesters killed by soldiers around Tiananmen Square on June 4, 1989.
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